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Mozarabic, more accurately Andalusi Romance, was a continuum of closely related Romance dialects spoken in the Muslim controlled areas of the Iberian Peninsula, known as Al-Andalus. Mozarabic descends from Late Latin and early Romance dialects spoken in the Hispania from the 5th to the 8th centuries and was spoken until the 14th century.〔(Mozarabic language )〕 This set of Latin dialects came to be called the ''Mozarabic language'' by 19th century Spanish scholars who studied medieval Al-Andalus, though there never was a common language standard. The term is inaccurate, because it refers to the Christians who spoke Andalusi Romance, as a part of the Romance dialectic linguistic continuum in the Iberian Peninsula, but it was also spoken by Jews and Muslims, as large parts of the population were converted to Islam. The word Mozarab is a loanword from Andalusi Arabic ''musta'rab'', , Classical Arabic ''musta'rib'', meaning "who adopts the ways of the Arabs". ==Native name== The name Mozarabic is today used for many Romance dialects like Murcian, Sevillian, .〔Leguay, Oliveira Marques, Rocha Beirante. Portugal das invasões germânicas à "reconquista". Editorial Presença, 1993. pg 209〕 The native name (autonym or endonym) of the language was not "Muzarab" or "Mozarab" but "Latina" (Latin). Mozarabs themselves never called their own language "Mozarabic" but instead by a word that meant "Latin" (i.e. Romance language). They did not call themselves "Mozarabs" either. At times between persecution, Christian communities prospered in Muslim Spain; these Christians are now usually referred to as ''Mozárabes'', although the term was not in use at the time (Hitchcock 1978) It was only in the 19th century that Spanish historians started to use the words "Mozarabs" and "Mozarabic" to refer to those Christian people and their language who lived under Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula in the Middle Ages. Another very common Arab exonym for this language was ''al-ajamiya'' ("stranger/foreign") that had the meaning of Romance language in Al-Andalus. So the words "Mozarabic" or "ajamiya" are exonyms and not an autonym of the language. Roger Wright, in his book about the evolution of early Romance languages in France and in the Iberian Peninsula ''Late Latin and Early Romance in Spain and Carolingian France'', page 156, states: The Early Romance of Moslem Spain was known to its users as ''latinus''. This word can lead to confusion; the Visigothic scholars used it to contrast with Greek or Hebrew, and Simonet (1888: XXIII-IV, XXXV-VII) established that in Moslem Spain it was used to refer to the non-Arabic vernacular (as was Arabic ''Al-Lathinī'') Also in the same book on page 158, the author states that: The use of ''latinus'' to mean Latin-Romance, as opposed to Arabic, is also found north of the religious border This means that the word ''Latinus'' or ''Latino'' had the meaning of spoken Romance language, and it was only contrasted with classical Latin (''lingua Latina'') a few centuries later. Contemporary Romance speakers of the Iberian Peninsula of that time saw their vernacular spoken language as "Latin". This happened because classical Latin was seen as an educated speech, not as a different language. As Francisco Marcos-Marín (2015) has pointed out, following archaeological studies mainly by Juan Zozaya, Berber invaders could not have learnt to speak Arabic so soon. They used a continuum between Berber and Latin varieties. Latin was the cultural language of the Roman provinces of Africa before Arabic and continued in use (at least for some registers) until the 11th century. The interaction of these Afro-Romance varieties and Ibero-Romance has yet to be studied. Those African speakers also referred to their language as "Latine". The name that Sephardic Jews gave to their spoken Romance language in Iberia - ''Ladino'' and also the name that an Alpine Romance speaking people, the Ladins, give to their language - ''Ladin''. Both names mean Latin. In the Iberian Peninsula: The word ''Ladino'' (< LATINUM) survived with the specific linguistic meaning of "Spanish written by Jews" (Roger Wright 1982, p. 158) This is one of the main reasons why Iberian Jews (''Sephardim'') from central and southern regions called their everyday language ''Ladino'' - because this word had the sense of spoken Romance language (Ladino is today a Romance language more closely related to Spanish, mainly to Old Spanish, spoken by some Jews of Sephardic ancestry). For the same reason, speakers of Ladin, another Romance language (spoken in northern Italy in the Trentino Alto-Ádige/Südtirol and Veneto regions), call their own language ''Ladin'' i.e. "Latin". This word had the sense of spoken Romance language not only in Iberian Peninsula but also in other Romance language regions in early Middle Ages. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mozarabic language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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